Journal of the Austrian Society of Agricultural Economics (JASAE)

Abstract : During the 2019 and 2020 seasons, an experiment was conducted at the Karada water requirements research station, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, Water Management Research Institute, National Water Research Center, Egypt, to investigate the effects of skipping irrigations at various growth stages and foliar spraying by indole acetic acid (IAA) on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the rice cultivar Giza 179. A split-plot design with four replications was used. Main plots were devoted to water treatments i.e., I1= traditional irrigation (control) full irrigation during the season, I2= skipping two irrigation during the tillering stage, I3= skipping two irrigation during the flowering stage, I4= skipping one irrigation at tillering, and one at heading stage I5= skipping one irrigation at tillering and one irrigation at ripening stages and I6= skipping two irrigation during ripening stage. Subplot treatments were devoted to foliar spraying of (IAA), i.e., So= spraying with water (control), S1= 50 mg l-1 of IAA, and S2= 75 mg l-1 of IAA. The results showed that flowering stage was the most vulnerable to the stress of water shortage and escaping irrigation at this stage caused a marked decrease in chlorophyll content in leaves, relative water content (RWC %), flag leaf area, yield, and its components, while increased proline content, peroxidase and catalyse enzymes content in the two growing seasons. Additionally, traditional irrigation had the greatest mean values for seasonal water use and water productivity..
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Abstract : Edamame is a soybean type with a high potential to be developed because it has a high commercial value and great opportunities in the domestic and export markets. Efforts to increase Edamame production must be carried out to meet the market demand. One of the efforts that can be made is to manage soil fertility by utilizing organic waste as fertilizer and ameliorant. Green mussel shells (GMS) are organic waste that is abundantly available and has the potential to be used as organic material to improve soil fertility and increase soil pH. This research aimed to study the effect of GMS powder on the growth and production of Edamame. The research was conducted in two locations from October 2020 to April 2021. The study used Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with a treatment factor of GMS which consisted of five levels, namely inorganic fertilizer (control), 5 g GMS powder (1 ton ha-1) + urea, 10 g GMS powder (2 tons ha-1) + urea, 15 g GMS powder (3 tons ha-1) + urea, and 20 g GMS powder (4 tons ha-1) + urea. The results showed that various doses of GMS powder with urea had the same effect as inorganic fertilizers on the growth and production of Edamame plants on both Oxisol and Ultisol soils. Edamame plants grown on Oxisol soil had better yields than plants grown on Ultisol soil. Results also indicated that GMS can be used as an ameliorant due to its ability to increase soil pH..
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Abstract : This study aimed to evaluate the effect of dietary replacement of soybean (SB) with groundnut cake (GNC) on the physiochemical characteristics of Novogen cockerel humerus and femur. A total of 240 one-day-old Novogen Cockerel were used for the experiment, at the end of the brooding period, twenty birds were randomly weighed and slaughtered by severing the jugular vein with sharp knife for humerus and femur morphometric baseline data, and the remaining 220 birds were randomly allocated to four experimental diets (T1=100% SB + 0% GNC, T2= 50% SB + 50% GNG, T3= 25% SB + 75% GNC, T4= 0% SB + 100% GNC) and were fed to an equal number of replicated pens (55 birds per treatment with 11 replicates each) with ad libitum access to fresh water. The means squares show that the treatments were not significantly different for most measured physical and chemical characteristics of humerus and femur. Replicate had no significant effect on any of the humerus characteristics, but differed for some of the femur characteristics, except for the humerus circumference at P<0.05. the variations among the treatments were not significant for most humerus characteristics, except for humerus circumference that was significantly different P<0.05. There was significant difference P<0.05 observed on femur ash weight, femur ash percentage and femur organic matter percentage. Correlation between physical and chemical characteristics of humerus shows a positive correlation but not significant except for humerus organic matter which shows significant positive correlation at P<0.05. It was also revealed that correlation between humerus fresh weight and the dry weight shows significance at P≤0.01. Correlation of humerus moisture with length shows significance at P≤0.01. Correlation between Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Femur shows that correlation between femur live weight and femur fresh width and length shows significance at P≤0.05 and P≤0.01 respectively. Correlation between femur fresh weight and dry weight was significant at P≤0.01, correlation between ash weight and organic matter weight is negative and significant at P≤0.001. Finally, the obtained results shows that groundnut cake and soybean meal have similar crude protein content, but soybean meal is of superior quality due to its greater amino acid profile..
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Abstract : Farmers' sources of income come from farming (on-farm) and outside farming (off-farm), therefore each of these sources will determine the amount of income for the farm household. This condition may be related to the role and position of the farmer in the farmer group. Farming management by farmer group administrators is expected to be better because it will provide examples to farmer group members, besides that farmer group administrators are also motivators and dynamics in their groups in adopting new technology. This study aims to determine the farm and off-farm income, the contribution of both incomes to the total income, and the factors that affect the total income of farmer group administrators in Temanggung District. This research method uses descriptive analysis with survey techniques. Sampling of farmer groups and farmer group administrators was carried out in a simple random manner. Data were analyzed using proportion test and multiple linear regression. The results showed that most of the contributions of farming (on farm) by farmer group administrators were high. Age, education and land area had a significant effect on the total income of farmer group administrators, while the number of family members and the number of workers in the household of farmer group administrators had no significant effect on the total income of farmer group administrators..
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Abstract : Many analysis related to the market integration between international crude palm oil and cooking oil prices in Indonesia have been carried out, but no one has included the olein price variable. This research used monthly data for the period of January 2016 - April 2022 from the Ministry of Trade, Republic Indonesia and the Commodity Futures Trading Regulatory Agency of the Ministry of Trade. The method utilized is Johansen cointegration, Granger Causality, Vector Error Correction Model (VECM), impulse response and variance decomposition. The results show that there is a long-term integration between variables. In the short term, cooking oil prices are influenced by international olein prices, domestic CPO prices, international CPO prices and cooking oil prices one month earlier. Impulse response analysis shows that shocks to international and domestic olein prices have had a major impact on cooking oil prices. This study also found that the effect of international olein prices is greater than international CPO prices and domestic CPO prices. It is advisable to make a policy related to the price of cooking oil by considering domestic and international price of olein..
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