Journal of the Austrian Society of Agricultural Economics (JASAE)

Abstract : Rice production for family food security is an innovation. In this instance, external support services are provided when farmers integrate rice into their food production systems. The extent to which rice is successfully integrated would enhance farmer attitude, profit, and production efficiency. Therefore, this study aimed to examine whether farmers possessed favorable attitudes toward rice production, made profits and were technically efficient in growing rice. Additionally, the technical inefficiency effects of selected farm-specific socioeconomic factors on technical efficiency were evaluated. Three approaches, Likert scaling, cost accounting, and stochastic frontier production function, were applied to analyze the input-output and attitude data collected. The results indicate that while smallholder farmers possessed favorable attitudes toward local rice farming, production was economically unprofitable and technically inefficient. Low cash cost farm investment and the high cost of labor-dependent production have caused production economically unprofitable. However, area and cash costs attributed increased and significant productivity effects on output milled rice. Additionally, cultivated areas and tools provided were the most critical farm-specific factors influencing technical efficiency in smallholder rice production. Thus, given the food security aspect, a farm expansion program with external support services and farmer training programs would improve rice farmers' farm investments and technical efficiency in Bogia District..
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Abstract : Lettuce is cultivated as a leaf vegetable sometimes for seeds and stem. Most lettuce varieties are eaten fresh and commonly served as the base of green salads. Thus, this study employed an alternative of the fermented plant juice (FPJ) in an instance of intercepting something to banana peel (BP), Arachis pintoi (AP), and Trichantea gigantea (TG). The additives of coco-water (CW) appear in BP+AP+TG, and types of nutrient solution (CNS) with the outcome on the hydroponic system of growth and yield of lettuce. The experiment was laid out following a Simple Factor arranged in RCBD with three replications and have five (5) samples per treatment per replication. The following treatments were evaluated as T1 - CW; T2 - CNS; T3 - BP+C; T4 - AP+CW; T5 - TG+CW; T6 - BP+AP (1:1)+CW; T7 - AP+TG(1:1)+CW; T8 - TG+BP(1:1)+CW; and T9 - AP+BP+TG(1:1:1)+CW. The results a significant effect on the plant height (taller height), number of leaves (more leaves), the diameter of leaves (wider leaver), and length of leaves (longer leaves) of the treatments by nutrient solution (T2) of lettuce. The T2 was comparable effect T1 but among in the treatments of the BP, AP, and TG in lettuce. The root length and root dry weight were a significant effect on the longer of roots to length and denser of the dried weight roof of T2 in the treatment of lettuce, respectively. The yield that nutrient solution (T2) had achieved the more immeasurable yield of lettuce. It shows T2 and T1 were 11.14 and 7.98 ton/ha; respectively, acquired comparable effect in the treatments of high yield of lettuce..
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Abstract : Self-balancing two-wheeled [1..9] vehicles can be considered as a bridge of experience from the straight-forward model with an inverted pendulum to the research and manufacture of two-legged robots and humanoid robots in the future. Unlike ordinary scooters or two-wheeled vehicles with two wheels located in front and back, the vehicle in the subject, the vehicle in the subject has two wheels lying parallel to each other, making it compact to move in environments tight space field. The problem of balancing two-wheeled robots with three degrees of freedom (3 DOF) has been studied for many years in universities and robotics laboratories around the world. The utility of this type of robot creates an advantage in solving problems in industry as well as in life. Two-wheeled robots are very flexible when moving on complex terrain, despite being an unstable system in themselves. When the robot moves on steep terrain, it automatically leans forward and keeps its weight on the two main rudders. Likewise, when traveling downhill, it leans back and keeps its center of gravity on the rudders. Therefore, there is never a phenomenon where the vehicle's center of gravity falls outside the support area of the wheels, which can cause an overturn..
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Abstract : Rice is a strategic food commodity, so it is important to know how far changes in the price of a rice market affect other rice markets in the ASEAN region. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the spatial effect on rice trade in ASEAN countries in 2005-2018. The determinants of rice trade that are analyzed further include data on rice exports, rice production, exchange rates, world rice prices, population, Gross Domestic Product, Trade Openness (TO), LCSI, and Inflation. This study is limited to the analysis of the spatial effect on rice commodities in ASEAN countries. The method used to see the spatial effect of trade on rice and oil commodities in the intra-ASEAN region was panel data regression analysis and spatial panel data regression. Data processing was assisted by use of R Studio application. Result of the study shows that based on SAR panel model, it can be seen that the variables ln ER, ln PROD, ln GDP, ln TO, and AGLND have a significant effect on the export value of 10 ASEAN countries. The R-Square value in the SAR Panel equation model is 0.6208. This means that all independent variables in the model are able to explain the export value of 62.08% and the rest is explained by other variables outside the model..
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Abstract : This study examines the volatility of retail rice prices in Indonesia over the last eleven years using the ARIMA and ARCH-GARCH methods. This study uses monthly data from January 2010 to February 2021. The results showed that rice price volatility reached its peak at the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic. However, after that the level of volatility was lower than the previous period. This is due to a decrease in demand due to the Covid-19 pandemic and the government's price stabilization policy.
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