Abstract : Sugarcane farming is an economically important agribusiness enterprise in developing countries and is used as a strategic development vehicle for household income generation and national economic growth. However, a literature gap exists in the effects of gender dynamics on profitability amongst non-cooperated growers. Therefore, this study conducted a gender comparative profitability analysis and identified the determinants of profitability amongst smallholder growers. Cross-sectional data were collected through interviews guided by a structured questionnaire from a sample of 173 growers. The budgetary technique and the gross rate of return (GRR) were adopted to assess the level profitability. Multiple regression was applied to analyze the determinants of profitability. The results revealed that sugarcane farming is profitable with an average profit per ha of E32,514.20 and GRR=1.47. Female-managed farms were more profitable (profit/ha=E34,970.04; GRR=1.62) compared to male-managed farms (profit/ha=E30,845.17; GRR=1.38) and the difference was statistically significant at p≤0.10. Farm-size, sucrose yield and total cost were found to be common drivers of profitability at p≤0.01 for male and female-managed farms. The grower’s experience in business management and ratoon cropping were significant determinants of profitability amongst male-managed farms at p≤0.01 and p≤0.1, respectively. The study recommends that the growers should increase sucrose yield through capacitation on business management skills. Male growers must adopt strict cost minimization strategies to improve profitability. Policymakers should assist the growers to increase the scale of operation to improve profitability through economies of scale.