Journal of the Austrian Society of Agricultural Economics (JASAE)

Abstract : The export of raw commodities which have lower value has not been able to generate optimal profit for a country. As a major producer of various agricultural commodities, Indonesia is still experiencing the same issue, and with many advantages that can be gained from the export of processed products, various encouragements have emerged for downstream agricultural export products. This study aims to analyze the benefit comparison obtained between exporting processed products and their raw materials. Research is conducted using linkage analysis and multiplier analysis in the 2016 input-output table. The result shows that processed products tend to be able to spur production growth of the upstream sectors, while agricultural commodities could not. Meanwhile, only a few main raw commodities which able to drive downstream sector production. In general, increasing exports of processed agricultural products generate a greater impact on the creation of aggregate output and total labor income. However, this increase in exports of processed agricultural products needs to be supported by sufficient supply, product safety, and certification in order to gain high competitiveness and be accepted in the global market. Processed products namely processed tea, processed rubber, processed palm oil, processed coffee, processed coconut, as well as processed chocolate can be considered a priority for increasing Indonesian export due to the high output and income multiplier creation and the availability of materials..
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Abstract : Earthworms are considered as biological indicators of soil fertility forms the major macro fauna of soil. DNA tag are done to identify individuals belonging to the same species, as well as to distinguish between individuals from different species. In the present work, the earthworm fauna was investigated from three Taluks namely, Somvarpet, Virajpet and Madikeri of Coorg, a district situated in the south western part of Karnataka, India. This is the first scientific report on the earthworm species of Coorg and the physio-chemical properties of their soil. The physio-chemical characteristics of the soil were examined and DNA barcoding technology was used to identify the taxonomic status of earthworms. A total of 38 earthworm samples were collected, 30 of which were amplified using mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase subunit1 (CO1) gene specific primers. The sequencing data was deposited into Genbank and assigned accession numbers (30 Accessions). The maximum likelihood technique was used to create the phylogenetic tree. Kimura's two-parameter model was used to calculate pairwise genetic distance. DNA barcoding results showed that Pontoscolex corethrurus was the most common earthworm species in Coorg. Progizzardus varadiamensis, Glyphidrilus annandalei, Amythas sp., Metaphire megascolidioides, Dichogaster bolaui and Acanthodrilidae sp were also observed. From the findings it is observed that the mean pH of Coorg soil was found to be 6.2 with an electrical conductivity of 0.28 dS/m. Coorg soil contains a moderate level of Organic Carbon (O.C) content with an average of 1.74%. Thus, the study included extensive descriptions of earthworm species, as well as their DNA barcodes and the physio chemical characteristics of their habitat, which help with future species identification..
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Abstract : Cinnamomum balansae is an endemic species of Vietnam. The species has a high potential for poverty reduction because it contains essential oil of up to 170 US$/liter and has durable timber of up to 1,500 US$/m3. Six pot mediums were tested to evaluate their effects on the survival and growth of seedlings in the nursery stage. The survival rate, stump diameter, and height of seedlings were collected at 6 months of growth. The results indicated that pot mediums significantly affected the survival rate and growths of seedlings. The highest survival rate of 87.8% was recorded in pot medium of 98% forest soil collected from 0-30 cm soil layer and 2% NPK fertilizer (16% N: 16% P: 8% K) by volume (soil-NPK pots). While the lowest was found in the medium of 100% forest-soil pots (76.7%). The largest stump diameter and tallest seedling height were also found in soil-NPK pots with a mean stump diameter of 0.57 cm and seedling height of 50.8 cm. The smallest stump diameter (0.34 cm) and seedling height (34.9 cm) were also recorded in 100% forest-soil pots. It is concluded that fertilizer plays an important role in producing seedlings for C. balansae. Fertilizing NPK should be conducted to seedlings during the nursery stage..
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Abstract : Red spinach is a favorite vegetable of the Indonesian people because it has a fairly high nutritional content. However, its productivity has decreased due to the reduction of soil nutrients and the use of chemical fertilizers (inorganic) by farmers, in addition to the type of soil that is generally used for planting in Sorong Regency, West Papua, namely the type of oxysol soil that has progressed. Weathering with high content is undoubtedly due to high rainfall. For this reason, this study was conducted to determine the growth response and yield as well as the best dose of bokashi fertilizer to optimize the growth and yield of red spinach (Amaranthus tricolor L.) in Oxisol soil in Sorong Regency. This study used a single factor with a randomized block design consisting of 4 levels of treatment. Each treatment was repeated 3 times to obtain 12 experimental trials. The dosage of bokashi fertilizer treatment is as follows: P0= bokashi fertilizer 20 g/polybag; P1= bokashi fertilizer 40 g/polybag; P2= bokashi fertilizer 60 g/polybag; and P = 80 g/polybag of bokashi fertilizer. The results showed that the application of bokashi fertilizer on Oxisol topsoil planting media significantly affected the growth and yield of red spinach and the nutrient content of Oxisol growing media also increased after harvest. Treatment of 80 gr bokashi fertilizer (P3) gave optimal results and the best production with a plant height of 51.5 cm, a number of leaves 13.3 strands, and a wet weight of 19.4 gr..
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Abstract : RCEP, as the largest regional trade agreement globally, plays a role in trade in agricultural products. Low market share indicates that RCEP countries prepare competitive agricultural products. The research objective is to analyze the competitiveness of agricultural products in intra- RCEP. This research uses data on the total value of exports of agricultural products from 15 RCEP countries for the period 2013-2019. The scope of agricultural products is HS 01-24. The analytical method used is Relative Export Competitive (REC). The research results show that the total competitiveness of agricultural products is competitive. The total agricultural products of countries originating from ASEAN+1 are more competitive than countries originating from ASEAN, and each agricultural product is competitive, HS 04, 10 and 15 are more competitive than other agricultural products, and each country has its more competitive agricultural products. The policy recommendations in this research are to prioritize agricultural products as superior export products, expand the export market to intra-RCEP, increase the added value of agricultural products and less competitive of agricultural products, developing potential agricultural product exports in each RCEP country and developing potential agricultural product export competitiveness to intra-RCEP and the world..
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